The Treaty of Kanagawa Opened Japan to Trade

The Treaty of Kanagawa was an 1854 agreement between the United States of America and the government of Japan. In what became known as the opening of Japan, the two countries agreed to engage in limited trade and to agree to the safe return of American sailors who had become shipwrecked in Japanese waters. The treaty was accepted by the Japanese after a squadron of American warships anchored in the mouth of Tokyo Bay on July 8, 1853. Japan has been a closed society with very little contact with the rest of the world for 200 years, and there was an expectation that the Japanese Emperor would not be receptive to American overtures. However, friendly relations between the two nations were established. The approach to Japan is sometimes viewed as an international aspect of Manifest Destiny. The expansion toward the West meant that the United States was becoming a power in the Pacific Ocean. American political leaders believed their mission in the world was to expand American markets into Asia. The treaty was the first modern treaty Japan negotiated with a western nation. While it was limited in scope, it did open Japan to trade with the west for the first time. The treaty led to other treaties, so it sparked enduring changes for Japanese society. Background of the Treaty of Kanagawa After some very tentative dealings with Japan, the administration of President Millard Fillmore dispatched a trusted naval officer, Commodore Matthew C. Perry, to Japan to attempt to gain entry to Japanese markets. Along with the potential for commerce, the United States sought to use Japanese ports in a limited manner. The American whaling fleet had been sailing farther into the Pacific Ocean, and it would be advantageous to be able to visit Japanese ports to load supplies, food, and fresh water. The Japanese had firmly resisted visits from American whalers. Perry arrived at Edo Bay on July 8, 1853, carrying a letter from President Fillmore requesting friendship and free trade. The Japanese were not receptive, and Perry said he would return in one year with more ships. The Japanese leadership, the Shogunate, faced a dilemma. If they agreed to the American offer, other nations would no doubt follow and seek relations with them, undermining the isolationism they sought. On the other hand, if they rejected Commodore Perrys offer, the American promise to return with a larger and modern military force seemed to be a serious threat. Perry had impressed the Japanese by arriving with four steam-powered warships which had been painted black. The ships appeared modern and formidable. The Signing of the Treaty Before leaving on the mission to Japan, Perry had read any books he could find on Japan. The diplomatic way in which he handled matters seemed to make things go more smoothly than otherwise might have been expected. By arriving and delivering a letter, and then sailing away to return months later, the Japanese leaders felt they were not being overly pressured. And when Perry arrived back in Tokyo the following year, in February 1854, leading a squadron of American ships. The Japanese were fairly receptive, and negotiations began between Perry and representatives from Japan.. Perry brought along gifts for the Japanese to provide  some idea of what American was like, He presented them with a small working model of a steam locomotive, a barrel of whiskey, some examples of modern American farming tools, and a book by the naturalist John James Audubon, Birds and Quadrupeds of America. After weeks of negotiation, the Treaty of Kanagawa was signed on March 31, 1854. The treaty was ratified by the U.S. Senate as well as by the Japanese government. The trade between the two nations was still quite limited, as only certain Japanese ports were open to American ships. However, the hard line Japan had taken about shipwrecked American sailors had been relaxed.  And American ships in the western Pacific would be able to call on Japanese ports to obtain food, water, and other supplies. American ships began mapping the waters around Japan in 1858, a scientific effort which was viewed as having great importance to American merchant sailors. Overall, the treaty was seen by Americans as a sign of progress. As word of the treaty spread, European nations began approaching Japan with similar requests, and within a few years more than a dozen other nations had negotiated treaties with Japan. In 1858 the United States, during the administration of President James Buchanan, sent a diplomat, Townsend Harris, to negotiate a more comprehensive treaty. Japanese ambassadors traveled to the United States, and they became a sensation wherever they traveled. The isolation of Japan had essentially ended, though factions within the country debated just how westernized Japanese society should become. Sources: Shogun Iesada Signs the Convention of Kanagawa.  Global Events:  Milestone Events Throughout History, edited by Jennifer Stock, vol. 2: Asia and Oceania, Gale, 2014, pp. 301-304.   Munson, Todd S. Japan, Opening of.  Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism since 1450, edited by Thomas Benjamin, vol. 2, Macmillan Reference USA, 2007, pp. 667-669. Matthew Calbraith Perry.  Encyclopedia of World Biography, 2nd ed., vol. 12, Gale, 2004, pp. 237-239.

Domestic Terrorism Term paper - 702 Words

Excelsior College CJ 352 Domestic Terrorism Term Paper What are some of the arguments for or against the use of the internet as an intelligence-gathering tool? The internet is serving as virtual meeting for billions of users. The intelligence-gathering is leveraging the internet using hard data for online links. The social networking sites are the main complementary link to any information. The social networking sites provide the most important information for communication with anyone and joining different groups. It can identify terror-threats and incipient plots. The internet can provide quantum and quality of information by any member of the group. The internet penetration of†¦show more content†¦2. As a vast majority of past terrorist incidents in the United States have involved conventional weapons, why should the US government spend billions of dollars on WMD? The government of United States has spent millions of dollar on the countering of perceived danger and discussions are made by the government concerning the topic of vulnerabilities of United States including WMD. The WMD has two levels: first is to appraise the threat and to find the countermeasures in mass destructive terrorism. The WMD is intended to be protected by the US Domestic Preparedness Program. In section 1403, it is said that any weapon or device has the capability to cause any serious risk, death or seriously bodily injury to a large number of people through highly toxic chemical. The details about how large the number of people and how can the capability of weapon be known? None of such questions is answered and no explanation is given. The US is spending millions on WMD due to two conclusions: the WMD supports for the attacks using deadly weapons because these weapons are lethal and destructive. 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Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Essay Example For Students

Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Essay To inspire a shared vision you must have certain qualities. You have to make a shared sense of destiny with people. You have to give life to that vision, and you have to make it appeal to the masses. These are only a few ways to recruit other people to your beliefs. Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was capable of these things and he inspired millions of people worldwide. Martin Luther King Jr. was born on January 15, 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. His parents were the Reverend King and Mrs. Martin Luther King. He had a sister and a brother. As a child he would play in his front yard with two white boys. The boys father owned a general store in the neighborhood, so naturally they knew each other since they were small. One day, the King children went to the store to meet the boys, but that day was different. The boys said that they werent allowed to play with black kids. This was Martin King Jr.s first encounter with segregation. He didnt understand it, but once he did, he swore that he would change the world. King buried himself in studies to be as well educated as possible. At the age of 15, King graduated Booker T. Washington High School and was accepted into Morehouse College. After graduating college he went to Crozer Theological Seminary. He joined the Baptist Ministry on February 25, 1948 when he was 19 years old. In 1951, he was accepted to Boston University. While there, he met Coretta Scott, and they got married in 1953. Shortly after, they moved to Montgomery, Alabama. On June 5, 1955 he received a doctorate of philosophy in systematic theology from the Boston University. Soon after he earned his doctorate, King learned of Rosa Parks and a bus boycott. This was his first calling to fight against segregation. On December 5, 1955, he was made president of the Montgomery Improvement Association, making him the official spokesman for the boycott. In November of 1956, the Supreme Court ruled bus segregation illegal. This raised the morale of black people in the U.S. There was now proof that they could obtain equal rights. The struggle began, but King was using a new method. He practiced non-violence in his boycotts and marches. King formed the Christian Leadership Conference in 1957. This conference would discuss ways to fight for equal rights without violence. On May 17th, he spoke to 15,000 people in Washington D. C. about equal rights and the ways they could work together to achieve them. After this and many other speeches, Congress passed their first Civil Rights act. This led King to write his first book, Stride to Freedom, in 1958. During a speech in Harlem the same year, a crazed freak stabbed him and he almost died. This was his first wound in the struggle for rights. He met with President Eisenhower and other black rights activists (Roy Wilkins, A. Phillip Randolph, and Lester Grange) at the White House to discuss problems affecting black Americans. In 1959, King went to India to study Gandhis non-violent philosophy. He believed that non-violence was the key to winning the struggle for civil rights. Soon after coming back from India, King resigned from pastoring the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church so he could focus all his effort on fighting for equality. He then moved to Atlanta, Georgia so he could orchestrate more protests and marches. While he was with Gandhi, he learned new ways of protesting, some of which included freedom rides, which were long car rides in which people would gather and speak their beliefs out to the masses. .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e , .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e .postImageUrl , .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e , .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e:hover , .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e:visited , .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e:active { border:0!important; } .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e:active , .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2cafd27d2e08c484e9f33f4b56b6020e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Although many of the same ideas are contained in b EssayThe following year King became co-pastor with his father at the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta. He realized that through the church he could share his vision with more people. In Greensboro, North Carolina, lunch counter sit-ins were occurring. Setting an example, King sat at a whites only counter at a restaurant waiting to be served. He was sentenced to four months in jail, but John F. Kennedy and Robert Kennedy spoke on his behalf and the charges were dropped. Shortly after his near-jail experience, King founded the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee. He started .